What is divorce by family court adjudication (shinpan rikon) ?

Divorce by family court adjudication is rather rare.
In the process called shinn-pann under Japanese family law in general, a judge will decide certain specific matters regarding family based on a review of documents filed by the parties and of the results of an investigation conducted by a family court iteserlf.
There are almost no cases in which the court decides on the divorce itself by adjudication. A lawsuit for a court order is used for divorce.
In a case where the parties can agree on the divorce during the divorce mediation but have other issues upon which they cannot agree, those issues can be submitted for adjudication instead. The issues include disputes about modification of parental rights, decisions of child support or marriage expenses. In principle, the parties must first attempt agreement within the mediation process before issues can be submitted for adjudication.

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